Hier wohnte
Armin (Josef/Jozef) Gerechter
Armin, on the right, with his nephew Kurt. Toronto, 1940s.

Wilhelm and Cäcilie's son; Ruth's uncle

Armin (Josef/Jozef) Gerechter

Klein Räschen, Kreis Calau, 22 November 1899 – Toronto, 28 August 1955

aged 55

Armin Gerechter was born in Klein Räschen, in Lower Lusatia, on 22 November 1899, one of Wilhelm and Cäcilie's eleven children. Like his father, he spent his working life in the clothing trade.

In 1938 he lost what had been his father's. He was arrested, held in Sachsenhausen, and the family store was taken from him. In 1939 he left Germany. His sisters stayed behind, and most of them were murdered.

He made a new life in Toronto. He was a tailor, then had his own shop again. He married, had two daughters, and died in 1955. He was fifty-five.

“Here lived Armin Josef Gerechter. Born 1899. Arrested 1938. Sachsenhausen. Fled 1939 to England. Survived in Canada.”

The Stolperstein in the pavement opposite Freienhufener Straße 2, Großräschen, laid on 22 March 2011. All nine stones

Before 1933

Armin was born in the year his father went bankrupt. The family recovered, and Wilhelm built up the Kaufhaus Wilhelm Gerechter in Groß Räschen. On 1 July 1930 Armin and Herbert Bernhard, who was about to marry his sister Edith, took over the store together. It kept his father's name: Textilhaus Wilhelm Gerechter.

1933 – 1938

In February 1937 the local police counted the Jews of the district. There were five, and Armin was first on the list: "merchant in the textile trade".

1938 – 1945

On 10 November 1938 the police arrested Armin, with Herbert and the stocking merchant Kurt Mannheim. The shop was wrecked and Armin was beaten. He was taken to Sachsenhausen, where he was prisoner 13128. While he was held there, officials decided that the store would pass to a local merchant. He was released in December. In the spring of 1939 the family firm was struck from the register.

By May 1939 he was living in Berlin, at Choriner Straße 53, with Edith, Herbert, their daughter Ilse and Max Bernhard. In September he left for England, for Kitchener Camp in Kent, a camp for Jewish men let out of the concentration camps. That October a tribunal found him a refugee, not to be interned.

In 1940, with Britain at war, he was interned after all, as a German, and sent by ship to Canada. In March 1941, from Canada, he placed a notice in the refugees' paper in New York, searching for his cousin Vally Phillipp, née Krakauer, of Berlin. By late 1943 he was in Toronto, a roomer on Markham Street and a tailor at Tip Top Tailors.

After

He was naturalized in Canada on 21 December 1946. In Toronto he married Jean Sandberg. His nephew Kurt, his brother Erich's son, came to see the family in Toronto every so often. A photograph shows the two of them arm in arm in the snow, both smiling.

By 1954 he had a shop of his own again: Armin's Bargain House, textiles and dry goods, on Eglinton Avenue West. His daughter Valerie was born on 20 December 1954. Armin died of a heart attack on 28 August 1955 and is buried at Dawes Road Cemetery. His Hebrew name on the stone is Avraham Yosef ben R. Zev Wolf.

In 2011 a Stolperstein was laid for him in Großräschen, opposite the old store. It ends: "survived in Canada".

Close family

See the whole family

In Armin's films

In Erich's films

Papers

What we don't know

We don't know which ship took him to Canada, which camp he was held in there, or when he was released. We don't know exactly when he and Jean married.

The recordsthe archive's notes, dates and sources

Notes

  • Names used: "Arnim Josef" (BLHA, 1939 census); "Armen" (Toronto 1944); "Armand" and "Armond" (Toronto 1948-57)

Life events

DatePlaceEvent
1899Klein RäschenBorn in the year of his father's bankruptcy at Klein Räschen RA
1 Jul 1930Groß-RäschenStarts the general partnership "Textilhaus Wilhelm Gerechter" with Herbert Bernhard (the family Kaufhaus, Freienhufener Str. 2) RA, STOL
22 Feb 1937RäschenPolice count of Jews: "merchant in the textile trade" AROL-1937
18 Mar 1938AG SenftenbergFirm entered in the commercial register, HRA 360 RA
10 Nov 1938GroßräschenArrested with Bernhard and Kurt (Curt) Mannheim; shop wrecked; beaten AROL-1938, STOL
15 Nov 1938GroßräschenPocket contents logged: 4.84 RM, key, badge, valve rubber, 4 letters AROL-1938
Nov-Dec 1938SachsenhausenPrisoner no. 13128 (listing gives birth date 23.11.99). The record is dated 13 Dec 1938, probably his release GENI-DOC, MTL
2 Dec 1938GroßräschenOfficials approve the forced sale ("Aryanisation") of the store to Erich Rung AROL-1938
1939PotsdamEmigrant asset file opened, BLHA Rep. 36A F 501. It also covers Edith, Irma, Herbert and the plot at Freienhufener Str. 2 (Grundbuch Großräschen Bd. 9 Bl. 227) BLHA-CAT
5 Apr 1939AG SenftenbergFirm deleted; "Textilhaus Erich Rung" registered 3 May 1939 RA
17 May 1939Berlin N 58, Choriner Str. 53Census address, with Herbert, Edith, Ilse and Max Bernhard MTL
15 Sep 1939BerlinRecorded as emigrated to Great Britain MTL
29 Sep 1939Kitchener Camp, Richborough, Kent1939 Register (Sandwich district): GERECHTER Armin, b. 21 Nov 99, single, salesman (textile); ID VZ041765 KITCH
20 Oct 1939Sandwich, KentTribunal: exempted "C" and 9A, not to be repatriated. Card: "Armin Josef Israel", b. 21/11/1899 Klein Raeschen, German; police registration certificate 767826, Home Office ref. G 2838; normal occupation "Owner of textile business", now "Agricultural worker in camp". The card was later struck through in green; the reverse has not been seen [HO 396 via Geni]
1940UK → CanadaInterned as an enemy alien and shipped to Canada. He is in HO 396/109, "Canada Internees - Germans and Austrians, G-H" (residence Sandwich, Kent; FamilySearch index ark 1:1:6FWT-YCVZ; image on Findmypast). The ship and date have not been seen FS
by 21 Mar 1941CanadaHIAS search notice in the Aufbau: "Vally Phillipp geb. Krakauer aus Berlin von Armin Gerechter, Kanada". Earliest record of him in Canada AUF
late 1943Toronto, 360 Markham StTailor at Tip Top Tailors, roomer (Might's 1944) TOR
1946-47Toronto, 456 Dundas St WRoomer TOR
21 Dec 1946TorontoNaturalized, certificate 211011 A; occupation given as tailor (Canada Gazette 3 Jan 1948 p. 250) GAZ
c. 1944-Feb 1948TorontoMarried Jean Frances Sandberg; she is "Jane Gerechter" by Feb 1948 AROL-SAND, inference
1948-1953Toronto, 389 Markham StHouseholder; employee of Tip Top Tailors TOR
1953/54-1955Toronto, 1473 Eglinton Ave W (York Twp)Own shop, "Armin's Bargain House", textiles and dry goods TOR
28 Aug 1955TorontoDied; buried in the land of the Court Ahavas Achim (Independent Order of Foresters) GRAVE, DAWES
22 Mar 2011GroßräschenStolperstein laid opposite Freienhufener Str. 2: "verhaftet 1938, Sachsenhausen, Flucht 1939 England, überlebt in Kanada" STOL

Sources

  • Arolsen 11208450, 11208452
  • BLHA 36A F 501 (not digitised; catalogue note only)
  • Reichsanzeiger commercial-register notices 1938, 1939
  • Mapping the Lives (1939 census)
  • Geni documents (7)
  • Kitchener Camp register
  • Aufbau 21 Mar 1941
  • Might's Toronto directories 1944-1957
  • Canada Gazette 1948
  • Dawes Road Cemetery register

The small letters after an entry name its source: GB the German Memorial Book, JM the Joods Monument, AROL the Arolsen Archives, GENI the family tree on Geni, STOL the stones.