
Wilhelm and Cäcilie's son; Ruth's uncle
Armin (Josef/Jozef) Gerechter
Klein Räschen, Kreis Calau, 22 November 1899 – Toronto, 28 August 1955
aged 55
Armin Gerechter was born in Klein Räschen, in Lower Lusatia, on 22 November 1899, one of Wilhelm and Cäcilie's eleven children. Like his father, he spent his working life in the clothing trade.
In 1938 he lost what had been his father's. He was arrested, held in Sachsenhausen, and the family store was taken from him. In 1939 he left Germany. His sisters stayed behind, and most of them were murdered.
He made a new life in Toronto. He was a tailor, then had his own shop again. He married, had two daughters, and died in 1955. He was fifty-five.
“Here lived Armin Josef Gerechter. Born 1899. Arrested 1938. Sachsenhausen. Fled 1939 to England. Survived in Canada.”
The Stolperstein in the pavement opposite Freienhufener Straße 2, Großräschen, laid on 22 March 2011. All nine stones
Before 1933
Armin was born in the year his father went bankrupt. The family recovered, and Wilhelm built up the Kaufhaus Wilhelm Gerechter in Groß Räschen. On 1 July 1930 Armin and Herbert Bernhard, who was about to marry his sister Edith, took over the store together. It kept his father's name: Textilhaus Wilhelm Gerechter.
1933 – 1938
In February 1937 the local police counted the Jews of the district. There were five, and Armin was first on the list: "merchant in the textile trade".
1938 – 1945
On 10 November 1938 the police arrested Armin, with Herbert and the stocking merchant Kurt Mannheim. The shop was wrecked and Armin was beaten. He was taken to Sachsenhausen, where he was prisoner 13128. While he was held there, officials decided that the store would pass to a local merchant. He was released in December. In the spring of 1939 the family firm was struck from the register.
By May 1939 he was living in Berlin, at Choriner Straße 53, with Edith, Herbert, their daughter Ilse and Max Bernhard. In September he left for England, for Kitchener Camp in Kent, a camp for Jewish men let out of the concentration camps. That October a tribunal found him a refugee, not to be interned.
In 1940, with Britain at war, he was interned after all, as a German, and sent by ship to Canada. In March 1941, from Canada, he placed a notice in the refugees' paper in New York, searching for his cousin Vally Phillipp, née Krakauer, of Berlin. By late 1943 he was in Toronto, a roomer on Markham Street and a tailor at Tip Top Tailors.
After
He was naturalized in Canada on 21 December 1946. In Toronto he married Jean Sandberg. His nephew Kurt, his brother Erich's son, came to see the family in Toronto every so often. A photograph shows the two of them arm in arm in the snow, both smiling.
By 1954 he had a shop of his own again: Armin's Bargain House, textiles and dry goods, on Eglinton Avenue West. His daughter Valerie was born on 20 December 1954. Armin died of a heart attack on 28 August 1955 and is buried at Dawes Road Cemetery. His Hebrew name on the stone is Avraham Yosef ben R. Zev Wolf.
In 2011 a Stolperstein was laid for him in Großräschen, opposite the old store. It ends: "survived in Canada".
Close family
- FatherWilhelm Gerechter 1860 – 1926
- MotherCäcilie Gerechter, née Schiller 1862 – 1918
- WifeJean Frances Gerechter, née Sandberg 1910? – 1973
- DaughterA daughter
- DaughterValerie Gerechter 1954 – 2023
- BrotherDr. Erich Gerechter 1885 – 1949
- SisterMargarete Lewinsky, née Gerechter 1887 – 1943
- SisterElse Meyer, née Gerechter 1888 – 1941/42
- BrotherGeorg Gerechter 1892 – 1915
- SisterHedwig Gerechter b. 1894
- BrotherRobert Gerechter 1896 – 1936
- SisterFrida Gutmann, née Gerechter 1898 – 1943
- SisterEdith Bernhard, née Gerechter 1901 – 1943
- SisterIrma Kassel, née Gerechter 1904 – 1943
In Armin's films
- Film 1, Hier wohnteKlein Räschen, the shop, the town
- Film 2, verhaftet 1938The night of 10 November, Ruth in Berlin, the pockets
- Film 3, Sachsenhausen13128, and the sale of the shop
- Film 4, Flucht 1939 EnglandChoriner Straße 53, and Kitchener Camp
- Film 5, überlebt in KanadaInternment, 1943, Toronto
In Erich's films
- Film 3, Hier wohnteIn Groß Räschen his brother Armin is arrested and taken to Sachsenhausen.
- Film 4, Schicksal unbekannt1946 – 1949, Tel Aviv
Papers
The court lifts the bankruptcy
The Kaufhaus advertises for saleswomen
Wanted: young clerks for the menswear
The Kaufhaus advertises for help in the house
The army's list of the missing
Wilhelm's death notice
The firm in the commercial register
The wedding, in the family notices
Ilse's birth, in the family notices
Robert's death notice
The register: one firm struck out, another entered
The Toronto directory, 1944
The Toronto directory, 1954
The police count of Jews in Amtsbezirk Räschen
The Großräschen police report of the arrests
The list of what was in Armin's pockets
Sachsenhausen: prisoner 13128
The minutes of the meeting that gives away the shop
The camp register
The enemy-alien tribunal card, Sandwich
A search notice in the Aufbau
Naturalized in Canada
Armin's gravestone
Armin's Stolperstein, opposite Freienhufener Straße 2What we don't know
We don't know which ship took him to Canada, which camp he was held in there, or when he was released. We don't know exactly when he and Jean married.
The recordsthe archive's notes, dates and sources
Notes
- Names used: "Arnim Josef" (BLHA, 1939 census); "Armen" (Toronto 1944); "Armand" and "Armond" (Toronto 1948-57)
Life events
| Date | Place | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1899 | Klein Räschen | Born in the year of his father's bankruptcy at Klein Räschen RA |
| 1 Jul 1930 | Groß-Räschen | Starts the general partnership "Textilhaus Wilhelm Gerechter" with Herbert Bernhard (the family Kaufhaus, Freienhufener Str. 2) RA, STOL |
| 22 Feb 1937 | Räschen | Police count of Jews: "merchant in the textile trade" AROL-1937 |
| 18 Mar 1938 | AG Senftenberg | Firm entered in the commercial register, HRA 360 RA |
| 10 Nov 1938 | Großräschen | Arrested with Bernhard and Kurt (Curt) Mannheim; shop wrecked; beaten AROL-1938, STOL |
| 15 Nov 1938 | Großräschen | Pocket contents logged: 4.84 RM, key, badge, valve rubber, 4 letters AROL-1938 |
| Nov-Dec 1938 | Sachsenhausen | Prisoner no. 13128 (listing gives birth date 23.11.99). The record is dated 13 Dec 1938, probably his release GENI-DOC, MTL |
| 2 Dec 1938 | Großräschen | Officials approve the forced sale ("Aryanisation") of the store to Erich Rung AROL-1938 |
| 1939 | Potsdam | Emigrant asset file opened, BLHA Rep. 36A F 501. It also covers Edith, Irma, Herbert and the plot at Freienhufener Str. 2 (Grundbuch Großräschen Bd. 9 Bl. 227) BLHA-CAT |
| 5 Apr 1939 | AG Senftenberg | Firm deleted; "Textilhaus Erich Rung" registered 3 May 1939 RA |
| 17 May 1939 | Berlin N 58, Choriner Str. 53 | Census address, with Herbert, Edith, Ilse and Max Bernhard MTL |
| 15 Sep 1939 | Berlin | Recorded as emigrated to Great Britain MTL |
| 29 Sep 1939 | Kitchener Camp, Richborough, Kent | 1939 Register (Sandwich district): GERECHTER Armin, b. 21 Nov 99, single, salesman (textile); ID VZ041765 KITCH |
| 20 Oct 1939 | Sandwich, Kent | Tribunal: exempted "C" and 9A, not to be repatriated. Card: "Armin Josef Israel", b. 21/11/1899 Klein Raeschen, German; police registration certificate 767826, Home Office ref. G 2838; normal occupation "Owner of textile business", now "Agricultural worker in camp". The card was later struck through in green; the reverse has not been seen [HO 396 via Geni] |
| 1940 | UK → Canada | Interned as an enemy alien and shipped to Canada. He is in HO 396/109, "Canada Internees - Germans and Austrians, G-H" (residence Sandwich, Kent; FamilySearch index ark 1:1:6FWT-YCVZ; image on Findmypast). The ship and date have not been seen FS |
| by 21 Mar 1941 | Canada | HIAS search notice in the Aufbau: "Vally Phillipp geb. Krakauer aus Berlin von Armin Gerechter, Kanada". Earliest record of him in Canada AUF |
| late 1943 | Toronto, 360 Markham St | Tailor at Tip Top Tailors, roomer (Might's 1944) TOR |
| 1946-47 | Toronto, 456 Dundas St W | Roomer TOR |
| 21 Dec 1946 | Toronto | Naturalized, certificate 211011 A; occupation given as tailor (Canada Gazette 3 Jan 1948 p. 250) GAZ |
| c. 1944-Feb 1948 | Toronto | Married Jean Frances Sandberg; she is "Jane Gerechter" by Feb 1948 AROL-SAND, inference |
| 1948-1953 | Toronto, 389 Markham St | Householder; employee of Tip Top Tailors TOR |
| 1953/54-1955 | Toronto, 1473 Eglinton Ave W (York Twp) | Own shop, "Armin's Bargain House", textiles and dry goods TOR |
| 28 Aug 1955 | Toronto | Died; buried in the land of the Court Ahavas Achim (Independent Order of Foresters) GRAVE, DAWES |
| 22 Mar 2011 | Großräschen | Stolperstein laid opposite Freienhufener Str. 2: "verhaftet 1938, Sachsenhausen, Flucht 1939 England, überlebt in Kanada" STOL |
Sources
- Arolsen 11208450, 11208452
- BLHA 36A F 501 (not digitised; catalogue note only)
- Reichsanzeiger commercial-register notices 1938, 1939
- Mapping the Lives (1939 census)
- Geni documents (7)
- Kitchener Camp register
- Aufbau 21 Mar 1941
- Might's Toronto directories 1944-1957
- Canada Gazette 1948
- Dawes Road Cemetery register
The small letters after an entry name its source: GB the German Memorial Book, JM the Joods Monument, AROL the Arolsen Archives, GENI the family tree on Geni, STOL the stones.
